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The alpha-subunit of pituitary glycoprotein hormones assay has been called the alpha-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) assay.
- What is an alpha subunit?
- What is alpha subunit pituitary?
- What is alpha subunit free?
- Which hormones share a common alpha subunit?
- What does the alpha subunit do in ATP synthase?
- What is the target of the G alpha S subunit?
- How is TSHoma diagnosed?
- What does an alpha subunit test for?
- What is beta subunit?
- Which is a glycoprotein hormone?
- What is the meaning of glycoprotein hormone?
- Is hCG a glycoprotein?
- What kind of hormone is TSH?
- What does pituitary gland control?
- What is a TRH test for thyroid?
What is an alpha subunit?
Alpha subunits (α) refers to several protein subunits, e.g.: G proteins. Gi alpha subunit. Gs alpha subunit. Gq alpha subunit.
What is alpha subunit pituitary?
The pituitary glycoprotein hormones, TSH, FSH, and LH are comprised of two separate noncovalently bound subunits, alpha and beta. The alpha subunit is identical in all of the hormones. The β-subunit is unique for each and confers the specific immunologic and functional activity.
What is alpha subunit free?
The α-subunits of human pituitary glycoprotein hormones TSH, FSH, LH, and the placental hormone hCG have similar amino sequences and are immunologically indistinguishable. ... Levels of free α-subunit increase during normal pregnancy.
Which hormones share a common alpha subunit?
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyrotropin (TSH) are hormones that share a common alpha subunit but differ in their beta subunits.
What does the alpha subunit do in ATP synthase?
The alpha/beta subunits undergo a sequence of conformational changes leading to the formation of ATP from ADP, which are induced by the rotation of the gamma subunit, itself is driven by the movement of protons through the Fo complex C subunit.
What is the target of the G alpha S subunit?
The Gs subunit is a target of covalent modification by cholera toxin (CTX), which slows GTP hydrolysis, locking Gs in an active, GTP-bound form that constitutively stimulates AC.
How is TSHoma diagnosed?
The diagnosis is mainly achieved by measuring TSH after T3 suppression and TRH stimulation tests. These dynamic tests, together with pituitary imaging and genetic testing are useful in distinguishing TSHomas from the syndromes of resistance to thyroid hormone action. The treatment of choice is surgery.
What does an alpha subunit test for?
Alpha Subunit - This assay is useful in the diagnosis and management of various pituitary, placental, pancreatic and hCG-producing tumors. The assay can also be useful for investigations where alpha subunit is increased under various physiological stimuli, e.g., GnRH stimulation and TRH stimulation tests.
What is beta subunit?
Glycoprotein hormones containing two different polypeptide subunits designated α and β chains. Analysis of the units of these hormones (e.g., follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, chorionic gonadotropin, and thyrotropin) enables early diagnosis of such conditions as pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy.
Which is a glycoprotein hormone?
Glycoprotein hormones (GPHs) are the most complex molecules with hormonal activity. They include three pituitary hormones, the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; follitropin) and luteinizing hormone (LH; lutropin) as well as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; thyrotropin) (1).
What is the meaning of glycoprotein hormone?
Glycoprotein hormones (or gonadotropins) are protein hormones, that includes the mammalian hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, also known as follitropin), luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as lutropin), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, also known as thyrotropin) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
Is hCG a glycoprotein?
Specific to humans, hCG is a complex glycoprotein composed of two highly glycosylated subunits. The α-subunit is identical to the pituitary gonadotropin hormones (LH, FSH, TSH), contains two N-glycosylation sites, and is encoded by a single gene (CGA).
What kind of hormone is TSH?
TSH is a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary. It consists of two chains: an alpha chain and a beta chain. It has a molecular mass of approximately 28,000 Da. The composition is very similar to other glycoprotein hormones made by the anterior pituitary.
What does pituitary gland control?
The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland' as the hormones it produces control so many different processes in the body. ... Through secretion of its hormones, the pituitary gland controls metabolism, growth, sexual maturation, reproduction, blood pressure and many other vital physical functions and processes.
What is a TRH test for thyroid?
A thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test is a diagnostic test that involves taking an intravenous (IV) dose of TRH to assess its effect on your thyroid hormones. This test can provide information that may be useful in distinguishing different types of thyroid problems.
